# Solar Activity is on the Rise: Implications for Our Power Grid
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Chapter 1: Understanding Solar Activity
The activity of the Sun is intensifying. As we approach July 2023, we are witnessing the conclusion of the previous solar minimum and the commencement of a new solar maximum. This assessment stems from daily observations of sunspot activity conducted by NASA. An uptick in solar activity often correlates with more frequent solar flares and storms that impact our planet. Combined with a weakening magnetic field surrounding the Earth, we could face significant challenges for our electrical infrastructures, potentially echoing the events of the Carrington Event.
Section 1.1: The Weakening Magnetic Field
Research indicates that the Earth’s magnetic field has diminished by 10% over the past two decades, as noted in a 2015 study. This decline averages out to about 5% per decade. It prompts a concerning question: how many decades remain until it reaches a critical point? This weakening is causing auroras to be visible at lower latitudes, which is more than just a beautiful display; it signifies that the magnetic field is increasingly responding to solar winds penetrating deeper into our atmosphere.
Subsection 1.1.1: Historical Context of the Carrington Event
In 1859, during a new solar maximum, a significant solar storm occurred. This event, now known as the Carrington Event, resulted in auroras being visible in tropical regions and widespread disruptions to telegraph systems, including failures that caused sparks and even injuries to operators.
Can we confidently say that our electrical grid is better equipped to handle another Carrington-like event? Unfortunately, the answer is no for most of our systems, which lack any form of protection against solar storm impacts. Today’s electrical grids are extremely susceptible to solar storm events, leading to potential outages worldwide. One can only imagine the chaos that would ensue in such a scenario.
Section 1.2: Preparing for Future Solar Events
As we transition into this new phase of solar activity, understanding and preparing for the possible repercussions on our electrical grid becomes increasingly critical.
Chapter 2: The Future of Solar Storm Preparedness
Sources:
Solar Cycle 25 Is Here. NASA, NOAA Scientists Explain What That Means | NASA
Study Shows Northern Lights Are Heading South | The Weather Channel
The Carrington Event: History’s Greatest Solar Storm | Space